viernes, 31 de mayo de 2013

PET: prepositional phrases

IN
    the shallow end / the end         other snow sports  
 other words              the field    the horse-jumping competition the air    advance          charge           the area     
 a sporting event       trouble   
  time / good time / my free (spare)      
 real life          the wild         your spare time       
  the right direction    a show     the dark        a small group    
  turn             


AT
a lower-reasonable price         any level           the door   
   Secondary school      the pool            all    
 that-any time of day              lunchtime        reception    
the start of term     parties       the park                the moment        home     different activities         all times           least         university         her school         the same time      
 the camp        
the  library entrance       a different location      


ON
our staff        hand          offer    a train        a road    
 a foodpacket             lifts       the runaway     
 a short- the school- a cycling trip      her holidays   
sports days       stage        TV      the coast        the lake          
the length         the surfboard          a skateboard         
a stormy day        skills     the internet
walking trips / next term’s trips          the slopes    
 her mobile- his iPod          the computer            the screen       the sea bed                the wall         the day  
 their way   this course      race day         their tour  
   a few occasions         Channel 1        his own    
 the driveway          a idea        the project

sábado, 25 de mayo de 2013

PET: speaking part 3

In PART 3 you have to: Talk about a colour photo.
Remember to answer these questions about the pictures:
  1. Where is she – he? Where are they?
  2. What does he-she look like? What do they look like?
  3. What is she –he wearing? What are they wearing?
  4. What kind of person is she-she? What kind of people are they?
  5. How do you feel about doing this kind of thing?  Why?


SOME USEFUL LANGUAGE

HOW TO:
GIVE A GENERAL INTRODUCTION
- This picture shows ….
- In this picture I can see
- This is a picture of …..

TALK ABOUT PLACES
- They’re driving in the country/in a city/in the mountains
- She’s sitting inside/outside a cafè
- I can see a street market/old building/square/ street/restaurant/beach ….

DESCRIBE PEOPLE’S AGE
- He’s about 50 years old.
- They’re in their twenties
- She’s a teenager/a young child/a middleaged woman

DESCRIBE PEOPLE’S CLOTHES
- She’s wearing a pair of shorts and a red Tshirt
- They’re wearing quite casual/smart clothes
- He’s wearing a uniform

DESCRIBE PEOPLE’S ACTIONS
- He’s sitting at a desk
- She’s standing in a queue
- They’re having a meal
- Some people are sunbathing and others are swimming in the sea

DESCRIBE PEOPLE’S ROLES IN A PICTURE
- He’s probably a shop assistant and she’s a customer
- This person on the left seems to be a tourist guide – he’s pointing to a building
- The man serving the drinks is a waiter

DESCRIBE PEOPLE’S FEELINGS IN A PICTURE
- You can tell they are enjoying themselves because they are smiling
- He seems a bit frightened. Maybe this is the first time he’s tried this
- She looks very interested in this activity – she’s concentrating very hard

PARAPHRASE (use these phrases to describe words you don’t know)
- It’s something you fry food in (frying pan)
- It’s a kind of container for flowers (a vase)
- It’s a cupboard for keeping clothes in (a wardrobe)

MAKE GUESSES
- It might be summer because some people are wearing sunglasses
- It’s probably in the country, because …
- This picture could be in Northern Europe because of the buildings

DESCRIBE POSITION
- In the middle of the picture there is a group of people, probably tourists because …
- In the background there is a church …
- There’s a bookshelf next to/near/behind/ in front of the door

REMEMBER!
Talk in sentences – don’t produce lists of items you can see
Organise your description – don’t describe the same thing more than once
Start with a general idea of the subject of the picture before going into details
Give reasons (related to the picture) for your ideas
Talk about the situation as well as the physical things you can see in the picture.
Give some personal reaction to the picture
Listen quietly when your partner describes his/her photo – don’t give help or comment

PET: part 1 personal questions

FAMILY

  1. What is your father’s / mother’s name?
  2. How old is she/ he?
  3. What does she (your mother) / he  (your father) do?
  4. Have you got any brothers  or sisters?
  5. Can somebody speak English in your family?
  6. Do you have a big family?

SCHOOL?

  1. What is your school’s name?
  2. How do you spell that?
  3. Do you like your school?
  4. What  is your favourite subject?// What  are your favourite subjects? Why?
  5. What  subjects do you like best?
  6. Do you like (Science) ? Why ? Why not?
  7. Is English easy or difficult?
  8. Are you happy at school?

FOOD

  1. What’s your favourite food?
  2. What do you usually have for..(lunch)?
  3. Who cooks at home?
  4. How often do you cook?
  5. Do you like (pasta)?

TOWN

  1. What do you like about X?
  2. What is the best part of  ( Y )?
  3. How is Madrid different from…Granada?
  4. Where do people go there at weekends?

FREE TIME
  1. What do you do in your free time?
  2. How often do you (read books)?
  3. Where do you (…)?
  4. Who do you  (…) with?
CLOTHES
  1. What clothes do you like best?
  2. Where do you usually buy your clothes?
  3. What’s your favourite colour?

ROUTINES

  1. What time do you usually get up in the morning?
  2. What do you usually have for breakfast?
  3. How do you usually get to school?
  4. What did you do yesterday evening?
  5. What time did you go to bed last night?

PET: speaking part 2



In PART 2 you have to: Talk about a situation which is illustrated on a sheet of paper. Make suggestions and discuss alternatives. Give reasons. Agree and disagree.

ASK FOR SUGGESTIONS
- What shall we do tonight?
-  Where shall we go tonight?

MAKE SUGGESTIONS
- How about going to the cinema?
-  Why don’t we have a meal in that new restaurant?
- We could stay in and watch a video.
- Let’s invite some friends round for dinner.

RESPOND TO SUGGESTIONS
- Yeah, that’s a great idea.
- Yes, that sounds good.
- Well, I think I’d prefer to go to a disco.
- Yes, OK
- All right, I agree.

DISCUSS ALTERNATIVES
- Which do you think is best?
- Yes, that’s possible.
- It’s difficult to decide but …….
- I think this is more useful because …
- It would be better to go to the cinema  because ….

ASK FOR OPINIONS
- What do you think about that?
- Do you agree?
- How do you feel about that?

GIVE YOUR OPINION
- I think/I don’t think that’s a good idea because…
- Personally, I think that’s a terrible idea  because …
- In my opinion it would be better to stay in a hotel because ….

AGREE AND DISAGREE
- That’s what I think too
- I agree with you
- I’m not sure I agree with you.
- Yes, you’re right.
- Well, that’s true but ….
- I’m sorry but I don’t agree with you.

EXPRESS PREFERENCES
- I’d rather go to a campsite
- I’d like to stay in a youth hostel
- I’d prefer to go to a hotel

REMEMBER!
Listen carefully to the examiner’s instructions and focus on the picture in the middle,
which gives the key to the situation
Use the pictures round the outside as ideas for your discussion. Don’t describe them
- Think about the type of situation – is it directly about you or a third person? If it’s
about a third person, use he or she consistently
Start the discussion immediately, DON’T waste time by giving the background to the situation
Give reasons for your opinions/ideas
Make sure you give your partner an opportunity to participate equally in the discussion. Don’t dominate

lunes, 12 de noviembre de 2012

Reading: part 2

Downhill racer
Anna Jones tells of her move from skiing to downhill mountain biking and her rapid rise up the ranks to her current position as one of the top five downhill racers in the country.

At the age of seven I had learnt to ski and by fourteen I was competing internationally.
When I was eighteen a close friend was injured in a ski race, and as a result, I gave up competitive skiing. To fill the gap that skiing  had left I decided to swap two planks of wood for  two wheels with big tyres.
    My first race was a cross-country race in 1995. It wasn’t an amazing success. 9 __________  After entering a few more cross-country races, a local bike shop gave me a downhill bike to try. I  entered a downhill race, fell off, but did reasonably well in the end, so I switched to downhill racing.
   I think my skiing helped a lot as I was able to transfer several skills such as cornering and weight-balance to mountain biking. This year I’m riding for a famous British team and there are races almost every weekend from March through to September. 10__________  In fact, there’s quite a  lot of putting up tents in muddy fields.
   Last season I was selected to represent Great  Britain at both the European and World Championships. Both events were completely  different from the UK race scene. 11__________  I was totally in awe, racing with the riders I had  been following in magazines. The atmosphere  was electric and I finished about mid-pack.
       Mountain biking is a great sport to be in. People ask me if downhill racing is really scary. I say,  ‘Yes it is, and I love it.’ Every time I race I scare  myself silly and then say, ‘Yeah let’s do it again.’
      When you’re riding well, you are right on the  edge, as close as you can be to being out of  control. 12 __________ However, you quickly learn  how to do it so as not to injure yourself. And it’s  part of the learning process as you have to push yourself and try new skills to improve.
Initially, downhill racing wasn’t taken seriously as a  mountain-biking discipline. 13 __________ But things are changing and riders are now realising that  they need to train just as hard for downhill racing as they would do for cross-country.
    The races are run over ground which is generally closer to vertical than horizontal, with jumps, drop-offs, holes, corners and nasty rocks and  trees to test your nerves as well as technical skill. At the end of a run, which is between two  and three minutes in this country your legs hurt so much they burn. 14 __________  But in a race,you’re so excited that you switch off to the pain until you’ve finished.  
    A lot of people think that you need to spend thousands of pounds to give downhill mountain biking a go.
15 __________ A reasonable beginner’s downhill bike will cost you around £400 and the basic equipment, of a cycle helmet, cycle shorts  and gloves, around £150. Later on you may  want to upgrade your bike and get a full-face  crash helmet, since riders are now achieving speeds of up to 80 kilometres per hour.

A. I’ve fallen off more times than I care to remember.
B. I usually have to stop during practice  sessions.
C. The courses were twice as long and the crowds were twice as big.
D. I’m not strong enough in my arms, so I’ve been doing a lot of upper-body training
this year.
E. The attitude was: how much skill do you need to sit on a saddle and point a bike
in the same direction for a few minutes?
F.I finished last, but it didn’t matter as I really enjoyed it.
G.Nothing could be further from the truth.
H. It’s not all stardom and glamour, though.

Reading: part 1

Part 1
You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 1 – 8, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
I shifted uncomfortably inside my best suit and eased a finger inside the tight white
collar. It was hot in the little bus and I had taken a seat on the wrong side where the
summer sun beat on the windows. It was a strange outfit for the weather, but a few
miles ahead my future employer might be waiting for me and I had to make a good
impression.
   There was a lot depending on this interview. Many friends who had qualified with
me were unemployed or working in shops or as labourers in the shipyards. So many
that I had almost given up hope of any future for myself as a veterinary surgeon.
There were usually two or three jobs advertised in the Veterinary Record each
week and an average of eighty applicants for each one. It hadn’t seemed possible when
the letter came from Darrowby in Yorkshire. Mr S. Farnon would like to see me on the
Friday afternoon; I was to come to tea and, if we were suited to each other, I could stay
on as his assistant. Most young people emerging from the colleges after five years of
hard work were faced by a world unimpressed by their enthusiasm and bursting
line 15 knowledge. So I had grabbed the lifeline unbelievingly.
    The driver crashed his gears again as we went into another steep bend. We had
been climbing steadily now for the last fifteen miles or so, moving closer to the distant
blue of the Pennine Hills. I had never been in Yorkshire before, but the name had
always raised a picture of a region as heavy and unromantic as the pudding of the same
name; I was prepared for solid respectability, dullness and a total lack of charm. But as
the bus made its way higher, I began to wonder. There were high grassy hills and wide
valleys. In the valley bottoms, rivers twisted among the trees and solid grey stone
farmhouses lay among islands of cultivated land which pushed up the wild, dark
hillsides.
     Suddenly, I realised the bus was clattering along a narrow street which opened
onto a square where we stopped. Above the window of a small grocer’s shop I read
‘Darrowby Co-operative Society’. We had arrived. I got out and stood beside my
battered suitcase, looking about me. There was something unusual and I didn’t know
what it was at first. Then it came to me. The other passengers had dispersed, the driver
had switched off the engine and there was not a sound or a movement anywhere. The
only visible sign of life was a group of old men sitting round the clock tower in the
centre of the square, but they might have been carved of stone.
     Darrowby didn’t get much space in the guidebooks, but where it was mentioned it
was described as a grey little town on the River Arrow with a market place and little of
interest except its two ancient bridges. But when you looked at it, its setting was
beautiful. Everywhere from the windows of houses in Darrowby you could see the
hills. There was a clearness in the air, a sense of space and airiness that made me feel I had left something behind. The pressure of the city, the noise, the smoke – already
they seemed to be falling away from me.
     Trengate Street was a quiet road leading off the square and from there I had my
first sight of Skeldale House. I knew it was the right place before I was near enough to
read S. Farnon, Veterinary Surgeon on the old-fashioned brass nameplate. I knew by
the ivy which grew untidily over the red brick, climbing up to the topmost windows. It
was what the letter had said – the only house with ivy; and this could be where I would
work for the first time as a veterinary surgeon. I rang the doorbell.



1 As he travelled, the writer regretted his choice of
A seat.
B clothes.
C career.
D means of transport.
2 What had surprised the writer about the job?
A There had been no advertisement.
B He had been contacted by letter.
C There was an invitation to tea.
D He had been selected for interview.
3 The writer uses the phrase ‘I had grabbed the lifeline’ (line 15) to show that he felt
A confident of his ability.
B ready to consider any offer.
C cautious about accepting the invitation.
D forced to make a decision unwillingly.
4 What impression had the writer previously had of Yorkshire?
A It was a beautiful place.
B It was a boring place.
C It was a charming place.
D It was an unhappy place.
5 What did the writer find unusual about Darrowby?
A the location of the bus stop
B the small number of shops
C the design of the square
D the lack of activity
6 What did the writer feel the guidebooks had missed about Darrowby?
A the beauty of the houses
B the importance of the bridges
C the lovely views from the town
D the impressive public spaces
7 How did the writer recognise Skeldale House?
A The name was on the door.
B It had red bricks.
C There was a certain plant outside.
D It stood alone.
8 How did the writer’s attitude change during the passage?
A He began to feel he might like living in Darrowby.
B He became less enthusiastic about the job.
C He realised his journey was likely to have been a waste of time.
D He started to look forward to having the interview.